Irrigation Engineering

 

What is Irrigation Engineering?

Irrigation Engineering is a branch of natural environmental Civil Engineering that deals with planning design and construction of human water resources (Stream, Channels, Dams, Seas, retaining wall, Culverts…etc).
And/or delivery of water to the soil in an artificial way for the growth and development of vegetable products or plants.

Irrigation Engineering Generally discusses the following topics:

1-     Channels (Generally made of concrete, stone, soil for Irrigation, Electricity, Sailing…etc)

2-     Retaining Walls (Design & Constructed to resist the lateral pressure of soil)

3-     Culverts (is a structure that allows water to flow from one side to the other under the road, railways…etc.)

4-     Aqueduct (it’s a watercourse structure that conveying water over floodplains, Canals, and other structures).

5-     Weirs (Weirs are fixed barriers structure or it’s constructed in the sea, canals to raise the water level and transfer water to the canal, ditches, or other structures.

6-     Division Boxes (it’s an irrigation structure that divide the flow of water between canals or ditches and other structure).

 

Irrigation Methods: Irrigation Engineering have commonly four bellow methods.

1- Surface Irrigation: in this way water is distributed over the soil surface by gravity flow, no mechanical pump involved (Design & more info will be provided in the next post/articles)

2-Sprinkler Irrigation: in this way water is sprayed or sprinkled through the air in rain like drops or it’s like natural rainfall (Design & more info will be provided in the next post/articles).

3-Drip/trickle Irrigation: this is a micro-irrigation system wherein water applied through emitters to the soil surface as drops or small streams (Design & more info will be provided in next post/articles).

4-Subsurface: in this way water is applied below the soil surface (Design & more info will be provided in the next post/articles).